Ngwino wige ibijyanye na HSS
Icyuma cyihuta cyane (HSS) nicyuma cyigikoresho gifite ubukana bwinshi, kwihanganira kwambara cyane no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, bizwi kandi nkicyuma cyumuyaga cyangwa ibyuma bikarishye, bivuze ko bikomera nubwo bikonje mukirere mugihe cyo kuzimya kandi birakaze. Yitwa kandi ibyuma byera.
Icyuma cyihuta nicyuma kivanze hamwe nibintu bigoye birimo karbide ikora ibintu nka tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium na cobalt. Umubare wuzuye wibintu bivanga bigera kuri 10 kugeza 25%. Irashobora kugumana ubukana bwinshi munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi (hafi 500 ℃) mukugabanya umuvuduko mwinshi, HRC irashobora kuba hejuru ya 60. Iki nikintu cyingenzi kiranga HSS - ubukana butukura. Kandi ibyuma bya karubone ibyuma bizimya nubushyuhe buke, mubushyuhe bwicyumba, nubwo hariho ubukana bwinshi cyane, ariko mugihe ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 200 ℃, ubukana buzagabanuka cyane, muri 500 ℃ ubukana bwaragabanutse kurwego rumwe na leta ihujwe, yatakaje rwose ubushobozi bwo guca ibyuma, bigabanya ibikoresho bya karubone ibikoresho byo gukata ibyuma. Kandi ibyuma byihuta cyane kubera ubukana bwiza butukura, kugirango bisubize intege nke zica ibyuma bya karubone.
Icyuma cyihuta cyane gikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibikoresho bigoye byo gukata ibyuma byoroshye kandi bitarwanya ingaruka, ariko kandi no gukora ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe no gukonjesha bikabije bipfa gupfa, nkibikoresho byo guhindura, imyitozo, hobs, imashini ibona ibyuma kandi bisaba gupfa.
Ngwino wige ibyuma bya tungsten
Ibyuma bya Tungsten (karbide) bifite urukurikirane rwibintu byiza cyane nko gukomera cyane, kwambara birwanya, imbaraga nziza no gukomera, kurwanya ubushyuhe, kurwanya ruswa, nibindi. kandi uracyafite ubukana bwinshi kuri 1000 ℃.
Ibyuma bya Tungsten, ibice byingenzi bigize tungsten karbide na cobalt, bingana na 99% yibigize byose hamwe na 1% byibindi byuma, bityo rero byitwa ibyuma bya tungsten, bizwi kandi nka karbide ya sima, kandi bifatwa nk amenyo yinganda zigezweho.
Ibyuma bya Tungsten nibikoresho byacumuye birimo byibura icyuma kimwe cya karbide. Carbide ya Tungsten, karbide ya cobalt, niobium carbide, karbide ya titanium, na tantalum karbide nibintu bisanzwe bigize ibyuma bya tungsten. Ingano yintete yibigize karbide (cyangwa icyiciro) mubisanzwe iba iri hagati ya micron 0.2-10, kandi ibinyampeke bya karbide bihuzwa hamwe hakoreshejwe icyuma. Guhuza ibyuma ni ibyuma byitsinda ryicyuma, mubisanzwe cobalt na nikel. Hariho rero amavuta ya tungsten-cobalt, amavuta ya tungsten-nikel hamwe na tungsten-titanium-cobalt.
Gukora Tungsten sinter ni ugukanda ifu mumatike, hanyuma ukayashyira mu itanura ryumuriro kugirango uyishyuhe mubushyuhe runaka (ubushyuhe bwa sinter) hanyuma ukayigumana mugihe runaka (gufata umwanya), hanyuma ukayikonjesha kugirango ubone ibyuma bya tungsten ibikoresho hamwe nibintu bisabwa.
UngTungsten na cobalt sima ya karbide
Ibyingenzi byingenzi ni tungsten karbide (WC) na binder cobalt (Co). Urwego rugizwe na “YG” (“bikomeye, cobalt” muri Hanyu Pinyin) hamwe nijanisha ryibintu bisanzwe bya cobalt. Kurugero, YG8, bivuze ko impuzandengo ya WCo = 8% naho ibindi ni tungsten karbide ciment ya karbide.
UngTungsten, titanium na cobalt ciment ya karbide
Ibyingenzi byingenzi ni tungsten karbide, titanium karbide (TiC) na cobalt. Urwego rugizwe na “YT” (“bikomeye, titanium” muri Hanyu Pinyin) hamwe n'impuzandengo ya karubide ya titanium. Kurugero, YT15, bisobanura impuzandengo ya TiC = 15%, ahasigaye ni tungsten karbide hamwe na cobalt yibirimo tungsten titanium cobalt karbide.
UngTungsten-titanium-tantalum (niobium) karbide
Ibyingenzi byingenzi ni tungsten karbide, titanium karbide, tantalum karbide (cyangwa niobium carbide) na cobalt. Ubu bwoko bwa karbide nabwo bwitwa rusange-intego ya karbide cyangwa karbide rusange. Urwego rugizwe na “YW” (“bikomeye” na “miliyoni” muri Hanyu Pinyin) hiyongereyeho umubare ukurikirana, nka YW1.
Ibyuma bya Tungsten bifite urukurikirane rwibintu byiza cyane nko gukomera cyane, kwambara birwanya, imbaraga nziza no gukomera, kurwanya ubushyuhe, kurwanya ruswa, nibindi. ubukana bwinshi kuri 1000 ℃. Carbide ya sima ikoreshwa cyane nkibikoresho, nkibikoresho byo guhindura, ibikoresho byo gusya, imyitozo, ibikoresho birambirana, nibindi. Umuvuduko wo kugabanya karbide nshya uhwanye ninshuro amagana yicyuma cya karubone.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-21-2023
