Ibirori by'ubwato bwa Dragon

UwitekaIbirori by'ubwato bwa Dragon(Igishinwa cyoroshye: 端午节;Abashinwa gakondo: 端午節) ni umunsi mukuru w'Abashinwa uba ku munsi wa gatanu w'ukwezi kwa gatanu kwaKalendari y'Ubushinwa, bihuye na Gicurasi cyangwa Kamena muriKalendari ya Geregori.

Izina ryicyongereza izina ryibiruhuko niIbirori by'ubwato bwa Dragon, yakoreshejwe nk'icyongereza cyemewe cy'ikiruhuko na Repubulika y'Ubushinwa. Bivugwa kandi mubisobanuro bimwe byicyongereza nkUmunsi mukuru wa gatanuibyo bikaba byerekana itariki nko mwizina ryumwimerere ryigishinwa.

Amazina y'Ubushinwa mukarere

Duanwu(Igishinwa: 端午;pinyin:duānwǔ), nkuko ibirori byitwaIgishinwa, ijambo ku rindi risobanura "gutangira / gufungura ifarashi", ni ukuvuga, "umunsi w'ifarashi" (ukurikijeZodiac/Kalendari y'Ubushinwasisitemu) kubaho ku kwezi; icyakora, nubwo ibisobanuro nyabyo biriwǔ, “Umunsi w'ifarashi mu ruziga rw'inyamaswa”, iyi mico nayo yasobanuwe kimwe nkawǔ(Igishinwa: 五;pinyin:wǔ) bisobanura “bitanu”. Niyo mpamvuDuanwu, “umunsi mukuru ku munsi wa gatanu w'ukwezi kwa gatanu”.

Izina ry'Igishinwa izina rya Mandarin ni “端午節” (Igishinwa cyoroshye: 端午节;Abashinwa gakondo: 端午節;pinyin:Duānwǔjié;Wade - Giles:Tuan Wu chieh) muriUbushinwanaTayiwani, na “Tuen Ng Festival” kuri Hong Kong, Macao, Maleziya na Singapore.

Bivugwa mu buryo butandukanyeImvugo y'Ubushinwa. MuriIgikantone, niromanizednkaTuen¹Ng⁵Jit³muri Hong Kong naTung¹Ng⁵Jit³i Macau. Niyo mpamvu “Tuen Ng Festival” muri Hong KongTun Ng(Festividade do Barco-Dragãomu Giporutugali) muri Macao.

Inkomoko

Ukwezi kwa gatanu ukwezi gufatwa nkukwezi kutagize amahirwe. Abantu bemezaga ko ibiza n'indwara bikunze kugaragara mu kwezi kwa gatanu. Kugira ngo bakureho ibyago, abantu bashyiraga calamus, Artemisiya, indabyo z'ikomamanga, ixora yo mu Bushinwa na tungurusumu hejuru y'imiryango ku munsi wa gatanu w'ukwezi kwa gatanu.^[bikenewe]Kubera ko imiterere ya Calamus imeze nkinkota kandi ifite impumuro nziza ya tungurusumu, byizerwa ko zishobora gukuraho imyuka mibi.

Ikindi gisobanuro ku nkomoko y'Ibirori by'ubwato bwa Dragon biva mbere y'ingoma ya Qin (221–206 mbere ya Yesu). Ukwezi kwa gatanu kwingengabihe yukwezi yafatwaga nkukwezi kubi numunsi wa gatanu wukwezi umunsi mubi. Bavuga ko inyamaswa zifite ubumara zigaragara guhera ku munsi wa gatanu w'ukwezi kwa gatanu, nk'inzoka, centipedes, na sikorupiyo; abantu nabo bavuga ko barwara byoroshye nyuma yuyu munsi. Kubwibyo, mugihe cy'ibirori bya Dragon Boat, abantu bagerageza kwirinda aya mahirwe mabi. Kurugero, abantu barashobora gushira amashusho yibinyabuzima bitanu bifite uburozi kurukuta hanyuma bagashyiramo inshinge. Abantu barashobora kandi gukata impapuro mubiremwa bitanu hanyuma bakazizinga mumaboko yabana babo.Imihango nigitaramo kinini byatejwe imbere niyi myitozo mubice byinshi, bigatuma umunsi mukuru wubwato bwa Dragon umunsi wo gukuraho indwara namahirwe mabi.

Qu Yuan

Inkuru izwi cyane mu Bushinwa bwa none ivuga ko ibirori bibuka urupfu rw'umusizi na minisitiriQu Yuan(nko muri 340-2278 mbere ya Yesu) yaleta ya keraByaChumu gihe cyaIgihe cyibihugu birwanaBya iIngoma ya Zhou. Umunyamuryango wa cadetInzu y'Ubwami, Qu yakoraga mu biro bikuru. Ariko, mugihe umwami yiyemeje gufatanya na leta igenda irushaho gukomeraQin, Qu yirukanwe kubera ko yarwanyije ubwo bufatanye ndetse akanashinjwa ubuhemu. Mu gihe yari mu buhungiro, Qu Yuan yanditse ibintu byinshiibisigo. Nyuma yimyaka 28, Qin yafasheYingumurwa mukuru wa Chu. Mu kwiheba, Qu Yuan yiyahuye yiroha muriUmugezi wa Miluo.

Bavuga ko abaturage baho bamwishimiye, basiganwe mu bwato bwabo kugira ngo bamukize, cyangwa byibuze bakure umurambo we. Ibi ngo niyo nkomoko yaisiganwa ry'ubwato. Igihe umurambo we utabonetse, bajugunye imipira yaumuceri uhamyemu ruzi kugirango amafi abarye aho kuba umubiri wa Qu Yuan. Ibi ngo niyo nkomoko yazongzi.

Mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, Qu Yuan yatangiye gufatwa mu buryo bwo gukunda igihugu nk '“umusizi wa mbere ukunda igihugu cy'Ubushinwa”. Igitekerezo cy’imyumvire mbonezamubano ya Qu no gukunda igihugu bidasubirwaho byabaye itegeko mu gihe cya Repubulika y’Ubushinwa nyuma ya 1949Intsinzi y'Abakomunisiti mu Ntambara y'Abashinwa.

Wu Zixu

Nuburyo bugezweho bwamamare ya Qu Yuan inkomoko, mubutaka bwahoze bwaUbwami bwa Wu, umunsi mukuru wibukijweWu Zixu(yapfuye 484 mbere ya Yesu), Minisitiri w’intebe wa Wu.Xi Shi, umugore mwiza woherejwe na KingGoujianBya iYue, yakundwaga cyane na KingFuchaiWu. Wu Zixu abonye umugambi mubi wa Goujian, aburira Fuchai, warakariye aya magambo. Wu Zixu yahatiwe kwiyahura na Fuchai, umurambo we bajugunywa mu ruzi ku munsi wa gatanu w'ukwezi kwa gatanu. Nyuma y'urupfu rwe, ahantu nkaSuzhou, Wu Zixu aribukwa mugihe cy'ibirori bya Dragon.

Bitatu mubikorwa byakwirakwijwe cyane mugihe cya Dragon Boat Festival ni kurya (no gutegura)zongzi, kunywavino, no gusiganwaubwato bw'ikiyoka.

Isiganwa ry'ubwato

Isiganwa ry'ubwato bwa Dragon rifite amateka akomeye y'imigenzo gakondo n'imihango, byatangiriye mu majyepfo y'Ubushinwa hagati mu myaka irenga 2500. Uyu mugani utangirana ninkuru ya Qu Yuan, wari minisitiri muri imwe muri guverinoma y’ibihugu birwana, Chu. Yasebejwe n'abayobozi ba leta bafite ishyari maze yirukanwa n'umwami. Kubera gutenguha ku mwami wa Chu, yarohamye mu ruzi rwa Miluo. Abaturage basanzwe bihutira kujya mu mazi bagerageza kugarura umurambo we. Mu rwego rwo kwibuka Qu Yuan, abantu bakora isiganwa ry'ubwato bw'ikiyoka buri mwaka ku munsi yapfiriyeho. Banyanyagiye kandi umuceri mu mazi kugira ngo bagaburire amafi, kugira ngo babuze kurya umubiri wa Qu Yuan, akaba ari imwe mu nkomoko yazongzi.

Zongzi (guta umuceri gakondo w'Abashinwa)

Igice kigaragara cyo kwizihiza umunsi mukuru wa Dragon Boat ni ugukora no kurya zongzi hamwe nabagize umuryango ninshuti. Abantu basanzwe bazinga zongzi mumababi yurubingo, imigano, bakora piramide. Amababi kandi atanga impumuro idasanzwe nuburyohe kumuceri wumuti wuzuye. Guhitamo ibyuzuye biratandukanye bitewe n'uturere. Uturere two mu majyaruguru mu Bushinwa dukunda zongzi ziryoshye cyangwa desert, hamwe na paste y'ibishyimbo, jujube, n'imbuto zuzuye. Uturere two mu majyepfo mu Bushinwa dukunda zongzi ziryoshye, hamwe nuzuza ibintu byinshi birimo inda yingurube ya marine, isosi, n amagi yintanga yumunyu.

Zongzi yagaragaye mbere yigihe cyimpeshyi nimpeshyi kandi yabanje gukoreshwa mugusenga abakurambere nimana; ku ngoma ya Jin, Zongzi yabaye ibiryo by'ibirori mu birori by'ubwato bwa Dragon. Ingoma ya Jin, ibibyimba byagenwe kumugaragaro nkibiryo bya Dragon Boat Festival. Muri iki gihe, usibye umuceri wa glutinous, ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora zongzi byongewemo nubuvuzi bwubushinwa Yizhiren. Zongzi yatetse yitwa "yizhi zong".

Impamvu Abashinwa barya zongzi kuri uyumunsi udasanzwe bafite amagambo menshi. Ubwoko bwa rubanda nugukora umuhango wo kwibuka Quyuan. Mugihe mubyukuri, Zongzi yafatwaga nkigitambo cyabakurambere na mbere yigihe cya Chunqiu. Kuva ku ngoma ya Jin, Zongzi yabaye ibiryo byibirori kandi bimara igihe kirekire kugeza ubu.

Umunsi wubwato bwa Dragon kuva 3 kugeza 5 kamena 2022. CARBIDE ya HUAXIN yifurije buriwese kugira iminsi mikuru myiza!